diff --git a/docs/安全审查风险整改任务清单.md b/docs/安全审查风险整改任务清单.md
index 7be2f3dc..97c14805 100644
--- a/docs/安全审查风险整改任务清单.md
+++ b/docs/安全审查风险整改任务清单.md
@@ -849,3 +849,14 @@ go vet ./...
 - **回退验证**：未删除或覆盖既有配置、数据和保留的 `.codex*` 文件；若复审不通过，可回退本次提交。
 - **结束状态**：待复审
 - **复审人**：待人工复审。
+
+---
+
+## 2026-08-30 配置快照发布失败重试整改记录
+
+- **本轮状态**?`[x] 已完成?等待复审`
+- **实施内容**?统一配置启动加载?配置应用?配置回滚?数据库切换和插件 Secret 迁移的运行时快照发布入口?当磁盘事务已成功提交但运行时快照暂不可用时?保留可重试状态并将配置服务标记为降级?
+- **接口提示**?新增稳定错误码 `CONFIG_RUNTIME_SNAPSHOT_UNAVAILABLE`?返回 HTTP 503?并明确提示配置已保存?运行时尚未切换?可稍后重试应用?
+- **新增测试**?覆盖应用阶段快照发布失败后的磁盘代次?运行时旧快照?降级状态和再次应用成功?保留回滚票据失败重试及并发保护测试?
+- **验证结果**?服务端 `go test ./... -count=1 -timeout 30m` 和 `go vet ./...` 通过?未将真实 MySQL?PostgreSQL?Ubuntu?Windows?浏览器和生产部署验收标记为完成?
+- **遗留边界**?事务提交后快照发布失败的跨进程恢复仍依赖服务重载或后续重试?真实多数据库复制?校验?原子切换和部署联调继续按实机清单验收?
diff --git a/docs/配置系统重构实施任务清单.md b/docs/配置系统重构实施任务清单.md
index 49cf6fd0..65012f86 100644
--- a/docs/配置系统重构实施任务清单.md
+++ b/docs/配置系统重构实施任务清单.md
@@ -1260,3 +1260,14 @@ CG-053～CG-056 → AD-066 → CG-057
 - **回退验证**：只新增回滚票据状态和错误映射，未删除既有配置管理路径；可通过回退提交 `acf0322` 恢复上一版本。
 - **结束状态**：待复审
 - **复审人**：待人工复审。
+
+---
+
+## 2026-08-30 配置快照发布失败重试整改记录
+
+- **本轮状态**?`[x] 已完成?等待复审`
+- **实施内容**?统一配置启动加载?配置应用?配置回滚?数据库切换和插件 Secret 迁移的运行时快照发布入口?当磁盘事务已成功提交但运行时快照暂不可用时?保留可重试状态并将配置服务标记为降级?
+- **接口提示**?新增稳定错误码 `CONFIG_RUNTIME_SNAPSHOT_UNAVAILABLE`?返回 HTTP 503?并明确提示配置已保存?运行时尚未切换?可稍后重试应用?
+- **新增测试**?覆盖应用阶段快照发布失败后的磁盘代次?运行时旧快照?降级状态和再次应用成功?保留回滚票据失败重试及并发保护测试?
+- **验证结果**?服务端 `go test ./... -count=1 -timeout 30m` 和 `go vet ./...` 通过?未将真实 MySQL?PostgreSQL?Ubuntu?Windows?浏览器和生产部署验收标记为完成?
+- **遗留边界**?事务提交后快照发布失败的跨进程恢复仍依赖服务重载或后续重试?真实多数据库复制?校验?原子切换和部署联调继续按实机清单验收?
diff --git a/server/config/database_migration.go b/server/config/database_migration.go
index a995bfcf..8d97efad 100644
--- a/server/config/database_migration.go
+++ b/server/config/database_migration.go
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ func (m *ConfigManager) SwitchDatabase(ctx context.Context, expectedGeneration u
 	if err := m.transactions.Commit(current, candidate); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	if err := m.snapshots.Publish(candidate); err != nil {
+	if err := m.publishSnapshot(candidate); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 	now := time.Now().UTC()
diff --git a/server/config/manager_v2.go b/server/config/manager_v2.go
index 234f89a8..bfebf9c4 100644
--- a/server/config/manager_v2.go
+++ b/server/config/manager_v2.go
@@ -217,7 +217,7 @@ func (m *ConfigManager) Load(ctx context.Context) error {
 	if err := contextError(ctx); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	if err := m.snapshots.Publish(runtime); err != nil {
+	if err := m.publishSnapshot(runtime); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 	now := runtime.LoadedAt
@@ -395,7 +395,7 @@ func (m *ConfigManager) apply(ctx context.Context, generation uint64, actor Audi
 	if err := m.transactions.Commit(current, candidate); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
-	if err := m.snapshots.Publish(candidate); err != nil {
+	if err := m.publishSnapshot(candidate); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 	now := time.Now().UTC()
@@ -554,6 +554,25 @@ func rollbackTicketRetryable(err error) bool {
 		errors.Is(err, ErrRuntimeSnapshotUnavailable)
 }
 
+func (m *ConfigManager) publishSnapshot(candidate RuntimeConfig) error {
+	if m == nil || m.snapshots == nil {
+		return ErrRuntimeSnapshotUnavailable
+	}
+	if err := m.snapshots.Publish(candidate); err != nil {
+		if errors.Is(err, ErrRuntimeSnapshotUnavailable) {
+			m.mu.Lock()
+			m.status.SetupState = SetupStateDegraded
+			m.status.DegradedReasons = []PublicIssue{{
+				Code:    "RUNTIME_SNAPSHOT_UNAVAILABLE",
+				Message: "配置已保存，但运行时配置尚未切换，请重试应用",
+			}}
+			m.mu.Unlock()
+		}
+		return err
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
 func (m *ConfigManager) rollback(ctx context.Context, generation uint64, actor AuditActor, confirmation StepUpConfirmation) (*ApplyResult, error) {
 	result, _, err := m.rollbackWithState(ctx, generation, actor, confirmation)
 	return result, err
@@ -619,7 +638,7 @@ func (m *ConfigManager) rollbackWithState(ctx context.Context, generation uint64
 	if err := m.transactions.Commit(current, candidate); err != nil {
 		return nil, false, err
 	}
-	if err := m.snapshots.Publish(candidate); err != nil {
+	if err := m.publishSnapshot(candidate); err != nil {
 		return nil, false, err
 	}
 	now := time.Now().UTC()
@@ -942,7 +961,7 @@ func (m *ConfigManager) MigrateLegacyPluginSecrets(ctx context.Context, importer
 	if err := m.transactions.Commit(current, candidate); err != nil {
 		return false, err
 	}
-	if err := m.snapshots.Publish(candidate); err != nil {
+	if err := m.publishSnapshot(candidate); err != nil {
 		return false, err
 	}
 	now := time.Now().UTC()
diff --git a/server/config/manager_v2_test.go b/server/config/manager_v2_test.go
index 07f7fd5e..315173b8 100644
--- a/server/config/manager_v2_test.go
+++ b/server/config/manager_v2_test.go
@@ -1505,6 +1505,58 @@ func (s *flakyRuntimeSnapshotStore) Snapshot() (RuntimeConfig, error) {
 	return cloneRuntimeConfig(s.current), nil
 }
 
+func TestConfigManagerApplyCanRetryAfterSnapshotFailure(t *testing.T) {
+	root := t.TempDir()
+	writeRuntimeFixture(t, root, validRuntimeConfig())
+	options := ConfigLoaderOptions{Validation: RuntimeValidationOptions{HasSuperAdmin: true, Production: true}}
+	manager, err := NewConfigManager(root, options)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	updatedEmail := manager.Snapshot().Email
+	updatedEmail.Policy.MaxMessageBytes = 8 << 20
+	payload, err := json.Marshal(updatedEmail)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	updated, err := manager.Update(context.Background(), UpdateRequest{
+		Section: SectionEmail, ExpectedGeneration: 1, Payload: payload, Actor: authorizedConfigActor(),
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	manager.snapshots = &flakyRuntimeSnapshotStore{current: manager.Snapshot(), failures: 1}
+	if _, err := manager.Apply(context.Background(), updated.Generation); !errors.Is(err, ErrRuntimeSnapshotUnavailable) {
+		t.Fatalf("first apply error = %v, want snapshot unavailable", err)
+	}
+	status := manager.Status()
+	if status.SetupState != SetupStateDegraded || len(status.DegradedReasons) != 1 || status.DegradedReasons[0].Code != "RUNTIME_SNAPSHOT_UNAVAILABLE" {
+		t.Fatalf("degraded status after snapshot failure = %+v", status)
+	}
+	if manager.Snapshot().Generation != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("runtime snapshot generation after failed publish = %d, want 1", manager.Snapshot().Generation)
+	}
+	persisted, err := NewConfigLoader(root, options).Load()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if persisted.Generation != 2 || persisted.Email.Policy.MaxMessageBytes != 8<<20 {
+		t.Fatalf("persisted candidate after snapshot failure = %+v", persisted)
+	}
+
+	applied, err := manager.Apply(context.Background(), updated.Generation)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if applied.Generation != 2 || manager.Snapshot().Generation != 2 || manager.Snapshot().Email.Policy.MaxMessageBytes != 8<<20 {
+		t.Fatalf("retried apply result = %+v, runtime = %+v", applied, manager.Snapshot())
+	}
+	if manager.Status().SetupState == SetupStateDegraded || len(manager.Status().DegradedReasons) != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("status was not recovered after retry: %+v", manager.Status())
+	}
+}
+
 func TestConfigManagerRollbackTicketCanRetryAfterSnapshotFailure(t *testing.T) {
 	root := t.TempDir()
 	writeRuntimeFixture(t, root, validRuntimeConfig())
diff --git a/server/controllers/config_error.go b/server/controllers/config_error.go
index cf2b2841..a0ea56b3 100644
--- a/server/controllers/config_error.go
+++ b/server/controllers/config_error.go
@@ -57,6 +57,10 @@ func configErrorDetails(err error) (string, int, string, map[string]string) {
 		code = "CONFIG_ROLLBACK_IN_PROGRESS"
 		status = http.StatusConflict
 		message = "配置回滚正在执行，请稍后查看结果"
+	case errors.Is(err, config.ErrRuntimeSnapshotUnavailable):
+		code = "CONFIG_RUNTIME_SNAPSHOT_UNAVAILABLE"
+		status = http.StatusServiceUnavailable
+		message = "配置已保存，但运行时配置尚未切换，请重试应用"
 	case errors.Is(err, config.ErrGenerationConflict):
 		code = "CONFIG_GENERATION_CONFLICT"
 		status = http.StatusConflict
diff --git a/server/controllers/config_error_test.go b/server/controllers/config_error_test.go
index 87552825..e9f01bf9 100644
--- a/server/controllers/config_error_test.go
+++ b/server/controllers/config_error_test.go
@@ -169,6 +169,22 @@ func TestConfigErrorDetailsMapsDatabaseMigrationFailures(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+func TestConfigErrorDetailsMapsRuntimeSnapshotUnavailable(t *testing.T) {
+	code, status, message, fields := configErrorDetails(config.ErrRuntimeSnapshotUnavailable)
+	if code != "CONFIG_RUNTIME_SNAPSHOT_UNAVAILABLE" {
+		t.Fatalf("error code = %q", code)
+	}
+	if status != http.StatusServiceUnavailable {
+		t.Fatalf("status = %d", status)
+	}
+	if message != "配置已保存，但运行时配置尚未切换，请重试应用" {
+		t.Fatalf("message = %q", message)
+	}
+	if fields != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("fields = %+v, want nil", fields)
+	}
+}
+
 func TestConfigErrorDetailsMapsRollbackInProgress(t *testing.T) {
 	code, status, message, _ := configErrorDetails(config.ErrRollbackInProgress)
 	if code != "CONFIG_ROLLBACK_IN_PROGRESS" || status != http.StatusConflict {