diff --git a/backend/controllers/security.go b/backend/controllers/security.go
index 2757f6f5..1c6d1703 100644
--- a/backend/controllers/security.go
+++ b/backend/controllers/security.go
@@ -703,6 +703,34 @@ func CompletePublicLinkPasswordRecovery(w http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request
 	writePublicRecoveryJSON(w, http.StatusOK, map[string]bool{"reset": true})
 }
 
+// PublicLinkPasswordRecoveryRequirements 只返回恢复页渲染所需的最小信息。
+// 一次性令牌不写入日志，也不返回账户、邮箱或角色名称。
+func PublicLinkPasswordRecoveryRequirements(w http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) {
+	if !PublicMailRecoveryEnabled() || req == nil {
+		writePublicRecoveryJSON(w, http.StatusBadRequest, map[string]bool{"available": false})
+		return
+	}
+	var input struct {
+		Token string `json:"token"`
+	}
+	decoder := json.NewDecoder(req.Body)
+	decoder.DisallowUnknownFields()
+	if err := decoder.Decode(&input); err != nil {
+		writePublicRecoveryJSON(w, http.StatusBadRequest, map[string]bool{"available": false})
+		return
+	}
+	runtime := currentSecurityRuntime()
+	requiresRecoveryCode := false
+	if runtime.recovery != nil {
+		var err error
+		requiresRecoveryCode, err = runtime.recovery.PublicLinkRequiresRecoveryCode(input.Token)
+		if err != nil {
+			requiresRecoveryCode = false
+		}
+	}
+	writePublicRecoveryJSON(w, http.StatusOK, map[string]bool{"requires_recovery_code": requiresRecoveryCode})
+}
+
 func writePublicRecoveryJSON(w http.ResponseWriter, status int, value any) {
 	if w == nil {
 		return
diff --git a/backend/res_init/verification_delivery.go b/backend/res_init/verification_delivery.go
index 23241410..9296ee9d 100644
--- a/backend/res_init/verification_delivery.go
+++ b/backend/res_init/verification_delivery.go
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import (
 
 	"git.pcux.cn/xuans/Smail/config"
 	"git.pcux.cn/xuans/Smail/dto/parsemail"
+	"git.pcux.cn/xuans/Smail/services/recovery"
 	"git.pcux.cn/xuans/Smail/services/verification"
 	appcontext "git.pcux.cn/xuans/Smail/utils/context"
 	"git.pcux.cn/xuans/Smail/utils/send"
diff --git a/backend/services/recovery/public_link.go b/backend/services/recovery/public_link.go
index 2ac8174f..d55165cc 100644
--- a/backend/services/recovery/public_link.go
+++ b/backend/services/recovery/public_link.go
@@ -69,6 +69,12 @@ func (s *Service) BeginPublicLink(identifier string) error {
 	}
 	for ticketKey, item := range s.publicTickets {
 		if item.UserID == user.ID {
+			// 正在提交的旧链接优先完成，期间不签发会与其竞争的新链接。
+			// 调用方统一隐藏该结果，因此不会泄露账户或链接状态。
+			if item.Busy {
+				s.mu.Unlock()
+				return ErrRecoveryDenied
+			}
 			delete(s.publicTickets, ticketKey)
 		}
 	}
@@ -89,6 +95,23 @@ func (s *Service) BeginPublicLink(identifier string) error {
 	return nil
 }
 
+// PublicLinkRequiresRecoveryCode 返回当前一次性链接是否属于管理员。
+// 此方法只为恢复页决定是否展示恢复码字段；令牌必须由收件人持有，且不会返回账号或角色详情。
+func (s *Service) PublicLinkRequiresRecoveryCode(token string) (bool, error) {
+	if s == nil || strings.TrimSpace(token) == "" {
+		return false, ErrInvalidRequest
+	}
+	key := ticketKey(token)
+	s.mu.Lock()
+	defer s.mu.Unlock()
+	s.cleanupLocked(s.now())
+	item, ok := s.publicTickets[key]
+	if !ok || item.Busy {
+		return false, ErrRecoveryExpired
+	}
+	return item.Role == access.RoleAdmin, nil
+}
+
 // CompletePublicLink 在同一数据库事务中完成管理员恢复码核销、密码更新和旧凭据撤销。
 func (s *Service) CompletePublicLink(token, newPassword, recoveryCode string) error {
 	defer clearString(&newPassword)