diff --git a/backend/internal/httpapi/server.go b/backend/internal/httpapi/server.go
index 011a2bb..5b421e6 100644
--- a/backend/internal/httpapi/server.go
+++ b/backend/internal/httpapi/server.go
@@ -1000,7 +1000,7 @@ func (s *Server) provisionServerSSHKey(ctx context.Context, item deployment.Serv
 	}
 	privateItem := item
 	privateItem.AuthMethod = deployment.SSHAuthPrivateKey
-	privateClient, err := s.connectSSHForKey(ctx, privateItem)
+	privateClient, err := s.connectSSHAfterReload(ctx, privateItem)
 	if err != nil {
 		s.logSSHProvisionFailure("private_key_connect", item, err)
 		item.SSHKeyStatus = deployment.SSHKeyStatusFailed
diff --git a/backend/internal/httpapi/ssh_reload.go b/backend/internal/httpapi/ssh_reload.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3a2dd31
--- /dev/null
+++ b/backend/internal/httpapi/ssh_reload.go
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+package httpapi
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"net"
+	"syscall"
+	"time"
+
+	"git.pcux.cn/xuans/Scert/backend/internal/deployment"
+)
+
+func (s *Server) connectSSHAfterReload(ctx context.Context, item deployment.Server) (deployment.Client, error) {
+	for attempt := 0; ; attempt++ {
+		if err := ctx.Err(); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		client, err := s.connectSSHForKey(ctx, item)
+		if err == nil {
+			return client, nil
+		}
+		var networkError *net.OpError
+		if attempt >= 4 || !errors.As(err, &networkError) || networkError.Op != "dial" || !errors.Is(err, syscall.ECONNREFUSED) {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		timer := time.NewTimer((100 * time.Millisecond) << attempt)
+		select {
+		case <-ctx.Done():
+			timer.Stop()
+			return nil, ctx.Err()
+		case <-timer.C:
+		}
+	}
+}
diff --git a/backend/internal/httpapi/ssh_reload_test.go b/backend/internal/httpapi/ssh_reload_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4ced975
--- /dev/null
+++ b/backend/internal/httpapi/ssh_reload_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+package httpapi
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"net"
+	"syscall"
+	"testing"
+
+	"git.pcux.cn/xuans/Scert/backend/internal/deployment"
+)
+
+type reloadTestFactory struct {
+	connect func(context.Context, deployment.Server) (deployment.Client, error)
+}
+
+func (f reloadTestFactory) Connect(ctx context.Context, item deployment.Server) (deployment.Client, error) {
+	return f.connect(ctx, item)
+}
+
+type reloadTestClient struct{ deployment.Client }
+
+func refusedReloadConnection() error {
+	return fmt.Errorf("%w", &net.OpError{Op: "dial", Net: "tcp", Err: syscall.ECONNREFUSED})
+}
+
+func TestSSHAfterReloadRetriesOnlyConnectionRefusal(t *testing.T) {
+	for _, tc := range []struct {
+		name     string
+		err      error
+		failures int
+		calls    int
+	}{
+		{"ready", nil, 0, 1},
+		{"recovered", refusedReloadConnection(), 2, 3},
+		{"exhausted", refusedReloadConnection(), 5, 5},
+		{"authentication", errors.New("authentication"), 1, 1},
+		{"fingerprint", errors.New("fingerprint"), 1, 1},
+		{"timeout", &net.OpError{Op: "dial", Err: syscall.ETIMEDOUT}, 1, 1},
+		{"handshake", &net.OpError{Op: "read", Err: syscall.ECONNREFUSED}, 1, 1},
+	} {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			calls := 0
+			wantClient := &reloadTestClient{}
+			server := &Server{deploymentFactory: reloadTestFactory{connect: func(ctx context.Context, item deployment.Server) (deployment.Client, error) {
+				calls++
+				if item.AuthMethod != deployment.SSHAuthPrivateKey || item.HostKeyFingerprint != "SHA256:registered" {
+					t.Fatal(item.AuthMethod, item.HostKeyFingerprint)
+				}
+				if calls <= tc.failures {
+					return nil, tc.err
+				}
+				return wantClient, nil
+			}}}
+			client, err := server.connectSSHAfterReload(t.Context(), deployment.Server{
+				AuthMethod: deployment.SSHAuthPrivateKey, HostKeyFingerprint: "SHA256:registered",
+			})
+			if calls != tc.calls {
+				t.Fatalf("calls=%d; want=%d", calls, tc.calls)
+			}
+			if tc.calls <= tc.failures {
+				if !errors.Is(err, tc.err) || client != nil {
+					t.Fatal(client, err)
+				}
+			} else if err != nil || client != wantClient {
+				t.Fatal(client, err)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSSHAfterReloadHonorsCancellation(t *testing.T) {
+	for _, cancelBeforeConnect := range []bool{false, true} {
+		ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(t.Context())
+		calls := 0
+		server := &Server{deploymentFactory: reloadTestFactory{connect: func(context.Context, deployment.Server) (deployment.Client, error) {
+			calls++
+			cancel()
+			return nil, refusedReloadConnection()
+		}}}
+		if cancelBeforeConnect {
+			cancel()
+		}
+		client, err := server.connectSSHAfterReload(ctx, deployment.Server{})
+		cancel()
+		if !errors.Is(err, context.Canceled) || client != nil {
+			t.Fatal(client, err)
+		}
+		wantCalls := 1
+		if cancelBeforeConnect {
+			wantCalls = 0
+		}
+		if calls != wantCalls {
+			t.Fatalf("calls=%d; want=%d", calls, wantCalls)
+		}
+	}
+}
diff --git a/doc/Scert整改任务执行清单.md b/doc/Scert整改任务执行清单.md
index 8589921..83a9dbd 100644
--- a/doc/Scert整改任务执行清单.md
+++ b/doc/Scert整改任务执行清单.md
@@ -1,4 +1,11 @@
 # Scert 整改任务执行清单
+### 19:13 执行补充：有界重试源码与回归完成
+
+- [x] 只在公钥安装后私钥回连处接入重试，保留原私钥认证方式和已登记主机指纹，最多五次尝试。
+- [x] 恢复、耗尽、非可重试错误、取消路径回归及后端全量测试、静态检查、构建通过。
+- [~] 第二批竞态检查仍在运行；提交后构建正式包，继续密码 SSH 部署复测。
+- [ ] 远端更新服务器返回 200 与密钥状态 deployed 尚未确认，不新增生产放行或复审通过项。
+
 ### 19:10 执行补充
 
 - [x] 部署、接口、应用包竞态检查全部通过，退出 0。
diff --git a/doc/Scert整改合并优化清单.md b/doc/Scert整改合并优化清单.md
index 778d7cc..94976ed 100644
--- a/doc/Scert整改合并优化清单.md
+++ b/doc/Scert整改合并优化清单.md
@@ -1,4 +1,10 @@
 # Scert 整改、合并与优化清单
+### 19:13 开发补充：SSH 重载间隙处理已实现
+
+- [x] 公钥安装后的私钥回连已增加最多五次尝试，间隔为 100、200、400、800 毫秒；只重试底层拨号连接拒绝，不重试认证失败、指纹不匹配或其他网络错误。
+- [x] 新增恢复成功、次数耗尽、认证失败、指纹失败、超时、非拨号错误、开始前取消及等待中取消回归；后端全量测试、静态检查和构建通过。
+- [~] 本批竞态检查正在运行，正式候选尚未构建部署。开发完成不等于该项实机复审通过；总体验收状态不变。
+
 ### 19:10 补充：回连失败现场已定位到 SSH 重载窗口
 
 - [x] 三个包的竞态检查全部通过：部署 9.381 秒、接口 172.202 秒、应用 74.521 秒，命令退出 0。